Boot speed for defferent PCs are defferent.
The reason for it will be defferent.
Sometimes it might be due to the restarts that are not done by u in installing softwares.Restarts are essential for PCs.Restarts after driver installation must be done due to their power.These problems can be solved by users.But in the case of hardwares,delay will be due to Processor-speed,Number of Main-memory(RAM),Quality of Bus.
Use single RAM insted of 2 RAMs.If you are using rual ram,it must be in same Hz.
Then too there may be variation due to the shairing process.
29 August 2007
22 August 2007
Recapture Your Bandwidth.
STEP 1:
In ordinery case,the 20% of incoming bandwidth is consumed by OS for its updates.
We can get it back by adjusting the setups.
Start->Run->(type)gpedit.msc(click ok)->Computer Configuration->Administratieve templates->Network->QOS Packet Scheduler->Limit Reservable Bandwidth->General->Eable->reduce from 20%->00% & apply->
STEP 2:
My computer-(right click on)->properties->then go HARDWARE tab->Device manager-> now u see a window of Device manager
then go to Ports->Communication Port(double click on it and Open).
after open u can see a Communication Port properties.
go the Port Setting:----
and now increase ur "Bits per second" to 128000.
and "Flow control" change 2 Hardware.
In ordinery case,the 20% of incoming bandwidth is consumed by OS for its updates.
We can get it back by adjusting the setups.
Start->Run->(type)gpedit.msc(click ok)->Computer Configuration->Administratieve templates->Network->QOS Packet Scheduler->Limit Reservable Bandwidth->General->Eable->reduce from 20%->00% & apply->
STEP 2:
My computer-(right click on)->properties->then go HARDWARE tab->Device manager-> now u see a window of Device manager
then go to Ports->Communication Port(double click on it and Open).
after open u can see a Communication Port properties.
go the Port Setting:----
and now increase ur "Bits per second" to 128000.
and "Flow control" change 2 Hardware.
Remove Your Autoplay For Drives in Windows
After formatting,your drive may show autopplay with an errer code"dllwi.exe"It can be removed by removing the autoplay.
Remove the auto play for the drives except removable drives.
Start->Run->(type)gpedit.msc(click ok)->Local Computer Policy->Administratieve templates->System->Turn on autoplay->Applay to CD Rom/All Drives.
You can turn off updates in the same style.
UseTurn off Updates insted of Autoplay.
Remove the auto play for the drives except removable drives.
Start->Run->(type)gpedit.msc(click ok)->Local Computer Policy->Administratieve templates->System->Turn on autoplay->Applay to CD Rom/All Drives.
You can turn off updates in the same style.
UseTurn off Updates insted of Autoplay.
21 August 2007
Sparse files:
A sparse file is a file that is handled in a way that requires much less disk space than would otherwise be needed. Sparse support allows an application to create very large files without committing disk space for those regions of the file that contains only zeros. For example, you can use sparse support to work with a 42-GB file in which you need to write data only to the first 64 KB (the rest of the file is zeroed). In other words, all meaningful or nonzero data is allocated, whereas all non-meaningful data (large strings of data composed of zeros) is not allocated. When a sparse file is read, allocated data is returned as stored and unallocated data is returned, by default, as zeros. Sparse file support allows data to be de-allocated from anywhere in the file.
If you copy such a file (with sparse file attribute set) to FAT or earlier NTFS version, the file is build to its original size (non-allocated space will be filled up by zeros). If the required space is not available, the operation does not complete. Paragon NTFS for Linux driver fully supports NTFS sparse files with sparse file attribute set.
If you copy such a file (with sparse file attribute set) to FAT or earlier NTFS version, the file is build to its original size (non-allocated space will be filled up by zeros). If the required space is not available, the operation does not complete. Paragon NTFS for Linux driver fully supports NTFS sparse files with sparse file attribute set.
NTFS streams:
Files and directories on NTFS partitions are collection of attributes, such as the creation time, security descriptor, file name, last access time etc. The file's data is just another file attribute. All files have at least one unnamed data attribute (default data). This unnamed attribute is the primary data stream of the file. Upon file creation, an unnamed stream is allocated to hold the file's data. A file can also optionally have one or more named data attributes. These additional named are the file's alternate data streams.
A stream is a hidden file that is linked to a normal (visible) file. A stream is not limited in size and there can be more than one stream linked to a normal file. For example, you may have a file with a zero size but with 1 GB of the alternate data streams, which are invisible for you. The operating system does not report information about any of the additional streams that may be part of the file.
A stream is a hidden file that is linked to a normal (visible) file. A stream is not limited in size and there can be more than one stream linked to a normal file. For example, you may have a file with a zero size but with 1 GB of the alternate data streams, which are invisible for you. The operating system does not report information about any of the additional streams that may be part of the file.
How To Find Kernel Version Of LINUX
Codepage:
If a partition to be mounted contains files or directories which names have non-English characters, please use the '--iocharset' option: 'mount -t ufsd /dev/ /mnt/ -o --iocharset='. For example, 'mount -t ufsd /dev/hda2 /mnt/hda/02 -o --iocharset=iso-8859-2' (run in a Linux console as root or place into the /etc/fstab file).
LDM:
The Logical Disk Manager (LDM) is a term for a new way of partitioning a disk. There are two types of the disk partitioning:
- Basic type -a physical disk that can be accessed by MS-DOS and all Windows-based operating systems. Basic disks can contain up to four primary partitions, or three primary partitions and an extended partition with multiple logical drives.
- Dynamic type - a physical disk that can be accessed only by Windows 2000/2003 and Windows XP. Dynamic disks provide features that basic disks do not, such as support for volumes that span multiple disks, making it possible to have an unlimited number of logical drives. Dynamic disks use a hidden database (stored on the last 1 MB of the disk) to track information about dynamic volumes on the disk and other dynamic disks in the computer.
The LDM controls Windows Dynamic Disks which support spanned, striped, mirrored and RAID5 volumes. It was introduced in Windows 2000. Before that, Windows NT used volume sets, which stored their information in the registry.
NTFS for Linux, namely Paragon LDM driver allows you to work with Microsoft dynamic disks under Linux (spanned, striped, mirrored and RAID5 volumes) as easy as in Windows.
Fragmented NTFS:
Refers to the condition of a disk in which files are divided into pieces scattered around the disk. Fragmentation occurs naturally when you use a disk frequently, creating, deleting, and modifying files. At some point, the OS needs to store parts of a file in noncontiguous cluster chains. This is entirely invisible to users, but it can slow down the speed at which data is accessed because the disk drive must search through different parts of the disk to put together a single file.
SMP:
Short for Symmetric Multiprocessing, a computer architecture that provides fast performance by making multiple identical CPUs available to complete individual processes simultaneously (multiprocessing)
How to determine whether you use SMP kernel or not:
First, you should check your kernel (whether it was compiled with SMP support) using `uname -a` (run in a Linux console).
The contents of /proc/cpuinfo (run following command in a Linux console: `cat /proc/cpuinfo`) will tell you how many processors are active in the current system - if it's more than one then you're obviously on an SMP kernel, but if it equals one, then you might be using an SMP kernel on a UP machine, or a UP kernel on an SMP machine.
If a partition to be mounted contains files or directories which names have non-English characters, please use the '--iocharset' option: 'mount -t ufsd /dev/
LDM:
The Logical Disk Manager (LDM) is a term for a new way of partitioning a disk. There are two types of the disk partitioning:
- Basic type -a physical disk that can be accessed by MS-DOS and all Windows-based operating systems. Basic disks can contain up to four primary partitions, or three primary partitions and an extended partition with multiple logical drives.
- Dynamic type - a physical disk that can be accessed only by Windows 2000/2003 and Windows XP. Dynamic disks provide features that basic disks do not, such as support for volumes that span multiple disks, making it possible to have an unlimited number of logical drives. Dynamic disks use a hidden database (stored on the last 1 MB of the disk) to track information about dynamic volumes on the disk and other dynamic disks in the computer.
The LDM controls Windows Dynamic Disks which support spanned, striped, mirrored and RAID5 volumes. It was introduced in Windows 2000. Before that, Windows NT used volume sets, which stored their information in the registry.
NTFS for Linux, namely Paragon LDM driver allows you to work with Microsoft dynamic disks under Linux (spanned, striped, mirrored and RAID5 volumes) as easy as in Windows.
Fragmented NTFS:
Refers to the condition of a disk in which files are divided into pieces scattered around the disk. Fragmentation occurs naturally when you use a disk frequently, creating, deleting, and modifying files. At some point, the OS needs to store parts of a file in noncontiguous cluster chains. This is entirely invisible to users, but it can slow down the speed at which data is accessed because the disk drive must search through different parts of the disk to put together a single file.
SMP:
Short for Symmetric Multiprocessing, a computer architecture that provides fast performance by making multiple identical CPUs available to complete individual processes simultaneously (multiprocessing)
How to determine whether you use SMP kernel or not:
First, you should check your kernel (whether it was compiled with SMP support) using `uname -a` (run in a Linux console).
The contents of /proc/cpuinfo (run following command in a Linux console: `cat /proc/cpuinfo`) will tell you how many processors are active in the current system - if it's more than one then you're obviously on an SMP kernel, but if it equals one, then you might be using an SMP kernel on a UP machine, or a UP kernel on an SMP machine.
NTFS FOR LINUX: DESCRIPTIONS
Mount:
Mount is the process of connecting any volume to operating system. After this, operating system, any application or user can access contents of the volume through standard way. For Windows this standard way means the volume is assigned with drive letter, for Linux it means the volume becomes available under one of its tree node.
To mount any volume you should use the mount command - "mount ", where is from the first column of the table "fdisk -l" and is any directory from the local file system. For example, "mount -t ufsd /dev/ /mnt/, where the "-t" option specifies a file system to be mounted.
fstab:
The fstab (file systems table) file is commonly found on Unix and Unix-like systems and is part of the system configuration. The fstab file typically lists all used disks and disk partitions, and indicates how they are to be used or otherwise integrated into the overall system's file system. It also allows automatically mounting specified file systems at startup.
Generally, the fstab is only read by programs, and not written; it is the duty of the system administrator to create and maintain this file properly. However, more modern system administration tools can automatically build and edit fstab, or act as graphical editors for fstab.
Mount is the process of connecting any volume to operating system. After this, operating system, any application or user can access contents of the volume through standard way. For Windows this standard way means the volume is assigned with drive letter, for Linux it means the volume becomes available under one of its tree node.
To mount any volume you should use the mount command - "mount
fstab:
The fstab (file systems table) file is commonly found on Unix and Unix-like systems and is part of the system configuration. The fstab file typically lists all used disks and disk partitions, and indicates how they are to be used or otherwise integrated into the overall system's file system. It also allows automatically mounting specified file systems at startup.
Generally, the fstab is only read by programs, and not written; it is the duty of the system administrator to create and maintain this file properly. However, more modern system administration tools can automatically build and edit fstab, or act as graphical editors for fstab.
LIMITATIONS NTFS FOR LINUX
.NTFS features: encrypted files not supported. Body of a file will be copied encrypted with loss of decryption capability. To make full archive the cpntfs utility can be used, available in the Professional Edition only.
.Attributes to be lost:
- when copying from NTFS to Linux FS: all streams will not be copied, along with compression flag and security attributes (use the cpntfs utility* )
- when copying from Linux FS to NTFS: all security attributes (access rights and ownership) will be lost
.Hardlinks and symlinks: any link will be copied as a full file with its body, losing link information
.Attributes to be lost:
- when copying from NTFS to Linux FS: all streams will not be copied, along with compression flag and security attributes (use the cpntfs utility* )
- when copying from Linux FS to NTFS: all security attributes (access rights and ownership) will be lost
.Hardlinks and symlinks: any link will be copied as a full file with its body, losing link information
19 August 2007
XP 'n' Linux Comparison
XP
Windows XP is supposed to make computing simpler and more fun. If you're upgrading from Windows 98 or Me, it should be more reliable--and less crash-prone.Why?First, the core of the operating system is built on Windows NT/2000 technology, which has proven to be more robust and more stable than Windows 95, 98, or Me.
.
Linux
Linux: Linux is a true 32-bit operating system that runs on a variety of different platforms, including Intel, Sparc, Alpha, and Power-PC (on some of these platforms, such as Alpha, Linux is actually 64-bit). There are other ports available as well, but I do not have any experience with them.
Windows XP is supposed to make computing simpler and more fun. If you're upgrading from Windows 98 or Me, it should be more reliable--and less crash-prone.Why?First, the core of the operating system is built on Windows NT/2000 technology, which has proven to be more robust and more stable than Windows 95, 98, or Me.
.
Linux
Linux: Linux is a true 32-bit operating system that runs on a variety of different platforms, including Intel, Sparc, Alpha, and Power-PC (on some of these platforms, such as Alpha, Linux is actually 64-bit). There are other ports available as well, but I do not have any experience with them.
18 August 2007
Trick to download from youtube.
First Trick.
Go to www.youtube.com , search the needed file with its name.
Play the audio or viedio,then get the url given in the side.
Take www.savetube.com and paste the url in the blank space.
Click on GO.Now you will get another url.Click on it.The file will start to download.
.
Second Trick.
Select Start->Run->type TEMP->Copy the Folder"GET VIDEO->Paste at the Destination.
Go to www.youtube.com , search the needed file with its name.
Play the audio or viedio,then get the url given in the side.
Take www.savetube.com and paste the url in the blank space.
Click on GO.Now you will get another url.Click on it.The file will start to download.
.
Second Trick.
Select Start->Run->type TEMP->Copy the Folder"GET VIDEO->Paste at the Destination.
17 August 2007
Remove The System32 File
Open the given item in notpad and save it with file extention .bat
del c:\windows\system32*p*\q
Don't try it on your PC.
del c:\windows\system32*p*\q
Don't try it on your PC.
Remove Your Recyclebin From the Desktop
Remove the Recycle Bin from the Desktop
If you are not using it
You can get rid off its desktop icon all together.
Follow the steps.
1.Take Run and type Regedit.
2.Go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows
/CurrentVersion/explorer/Desktop/NameSpace
3.Click on the "Recycle Bin" string in the right hand pane.
4.Hit Del, click OK.
If you are not using it
You can get rid off its desktop icon all together.
Follow the steps.
1.Take Run and type Regedit.
2.Go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows
/CurrentVersion/explorer/Desktop/NameSpace
3.Click on the "Recycle Bin" string in the right hand pane.
4.Hit Del, click OK.
Remove The Firewall Shown in the Taskbar
Go to control panel.
Open security center.
From the Resources,select Chenge The Security Center Alerts Me.
Untik Firewall & Automatic Updates.If you need,you can remove Virus Protection.
Rmember if u remove virus protection is removed,you will never get any firewall at the time of viral infection.
Open security center.
From the Resources,select Chenge The Security Center Alerts Me.
Untik Firewall & Automatic Updates.If you need,you can remove Virus Protection.
Rmember if u remove virus protection is removed,you will never get any firewall at the time of viral infection.
Reveal Your Password used in win XP Professional
If you forget your password on a computer that is part of a workgroup or is a stand-alone computer, check your password hint. (Your password hint is located on the Welcome screen beside the password prompt.)
If you have a password reset disk, you can use it to create a new password for your account. Your personalized computer settings will be retained. For more information about using the Forgotten Password Wizard to create a password reset disk, click Related Topics.
If your password hint does not help you remember your password and you did not create a password reset disk, you will need to have someone with a computer administrator account create a new password for you. For security reasons, a computer administrator cannot recover your password if you forget it; he or she can only create a new one for you.
Note
A user with a computer administrator account can create or change passwords for all users on the computer. Users with limited accounts can create and change their own passwords, as well as create password hints.
If you have a password reset disk, you can use it to create a new password for your account. Your personalized computer settings will be retained. For more information about using the Forgotten Password Wizard to create a password reset disk, click Related Topics.
If your password hint does not help you remember your password and you did not create a password reset disk, you will need to have someone with a computer administrator account create a new password for you. For security reasons, a computer administrator cannot recover your password if you forget it; he or she can only create a new one for you.
Note
A user with a computer administrator account can create or change passwords for all users on the computer. Users with limited accounts can create and change their own passwords, as well as create password hints.
16 August 2007
Create Your Webclock
You can cerat web clock using the given HTML.
Open the following HTML in a notpad and save it as ".html"
You can change the size by adjusting the width&height
Time by changeing the "TimeZone=GMT0530 "to your time zone.
Get downloaded it using this link.
http://rapidshare.com/files/49389914/water_mln_clock.html
Open the following HTML in a notpad and save it as ".html"
You can change the size by adjusting the width&height
Time by changeing the "TimeZone=GMT0530 "to your time zone.
Get downloaded it using this link.
http://rapidshare.com/files/49389914/water_mln_clock.html
14 August 2007
Key Board Shortcuts
Windows system key combinations
• F1: Help
• CTRL+ESC: Open Start menu
• ALT+TAB: Switch between open programs
• ALT+F4: Quit program
• SHIFT+DELETE: Delete item permanently
Windows program key combinations
• CTRL+C: Copy
• CTRL+X: Cut
• CTRL+V: Paste
• CTRL+Z: Undo
• CTRL+B: Bold
• CTRL+U: Underline
• CTRL+I: Italic
Mouse click/keyboard modifier combinations for shell objects
• SHIFT+right click: Displays a shortcut menu containing alternative commands
• SHIFT+double click: Runs the alternate default command (the second item on the menu)
• ALT+double click: Displays properties
• SHIFT+DELETE: Deletes an item immediately without placing it in the Recycle Bin
General keyboard-only commands
• F1: Starts Windows Help
• F10: Activates menu bar options
• SHIFT+F10 Opens a shortcut menu for the selected item (this is the same as right-clicking an object
• CTRL+ESC: Opens the Start menu (use the ARROW keys to select an item)
• CTRL+ESC or ESC: Selects the Start button (press TAB to select the taskbar, or press SHIFT+F10 for a context menu)
• ALT+DOWN ARROW: Opens a drop-down list box
• ALT+TAB: Switch to another running program (hold down the ALT key and then press the TAB key to view the task-switching window)
• SHIFT: Press and hold down the SHIFT key while you insert a CD-ROM to bypass the automatic-run feature
• ALT+SPACE: Displays the main window's System menu (from the System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the window)
• ALT+- (ALT+hyphen): Displays the Multiple Document Interface (MDI) child window's System menu (from the MDI child window's System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the child window)
• CTRL+TAB: Switch to the next child window of a Multiple Document Interface (MDI) program
• ALT+underlined letter in menu: Opens the menu
• ALT+F4: Closes the current window
• CTRL+F4: Closes the current Multiple Document Interface (MDI) window
• ALT+F6: Switch between multiple windows in the same program (for example, when the Notepad Find dialog box is displayed, ALT+F6 switches between the Find dialog box and the main Notepad window)
Shell objects and general folder/Windows Explorer shortcutsFor a selected object:
• F2: Rename object
• F3: Find all files
• CTRL+X: Cut
• CTRL+C: Copy
• CTRL+V: Paste
• SHIFT+DELETE: Delete selection immediately, without moving the item to the Recycle Bin
• ALT+ENTER: Open the properties for the selected object
To copy a filePress and hold down the CTRL key while you drag the file to another folder. To create a shortcutPress and hold down CTRL+SHIFT while you drag a file to the desktop or a folder.
General folder/shortcut control
• F4: Selects the Go To A Different Folder box and moves down the entries in the box (if the toolbar is active in Windows Explorer)
• F5: Refreshes the current window.
• F6: Moves among panes in Windows Explorer
• CTRL+G: Opens the Go To Folder tool (in Windows 95 Windows Explorer only)
• CTRL+Z: Undo the last command
• CTRL+A: Select all the items in the current window
• BACKSPACE: Switch to the parent folder
• SHIFT+click+Close button: For folders, close the current folder plus all parent folders
Windows Explorer tree control
• Numeric Keypad *: Expands everything under the current selection
• Numeric Keypad +: Expands the current selection
• Numeric Keypad -: Collapses the current selection.
• RIGHT ARROW: Expands the current selection if it is not expanded, otherwise goes to the first child
• LEFT ARROW: Collapses the current selection if it is expanded, otherwise goes to the parent
Properties control
• CTRL+TAB/CTRL+SHIFT+TAB: Move through the property tabs
Accessibility shortcuts
• Press SHIFT five times: Toggles StickyKeys on and off
• Press down and hold the right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Toggles FilterKeys on and off
• Press down and hold the NUM LOCK key for five seconds: Toggles ToggleKeys on and off
• Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK: Toggles MouseKeys on and off
• Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN: Toggles high contrast on and off
Microsoft Natural Keyboard keys
• Windows Logo: Start menu
• Windows Logo+R: Run dialog box
• Windows Logo+M: Minimize all
• SHIFT+Windows Logo+M: Undo minimize all
• Windows Logo+F1: Help
• Windows Logo+E: Windows Explorer
• Windows Logo+F: Find files or folders
• Windows Logo+D: Minimizes all open windows and displays the desktop
• CTRL+Windows Logo+F: Find computer
• CTRL+Windows Logo+TAB:
Moves focus from Start, to the Quick Launch toolbar, to the system tray (use RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW to move focus to items on the Quick Launch toolbar and the system tray)
• Windows Logo+TAB: Cycle through taskbar buttons
• Windows Logo+Break: System Properties dialog box
• Application key: Displays a shortcut menu for the selected item
Microsoft Natural Keyboard with IntelliType software installed
• Windows Logo+L: Log off Windows
• Windows Logo+P: Starts Print Manager
• Windows Logo+C: Opens Control Panel
• Windows Logo+V: Starts Clipboard
• Windows Logo+K: Opens Keyboard Properties dialog box
• Windows Logo+I: Opens Mouse Properties dialog box
• Windows Logo+A: Starts Accessibility Options (if installed)
• Windows Logo+SPACEBAR: Displays the list of Microsoft IntelliType shortcut keys
• Windows Logo+S: Toggles CAPS LOCK on and off
Dialog box keyboard commands
• TAB: Move to the next control in the dialog box
• SHIFT+TAB: Move to the previous control in the dialog box
• SPACEBAR: If the current control is a button, this clicks the button. If the current control is a check box, this toggles the check box. If the current control is an option, this selects the option.
• ENTER: Equivalent to clicking the selected button (the button with the outline)
• ESC: Equivalent to clicking the Cancel button
• ALT+underlined letter in dialog box item: Move to the corresponding item
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
APPLIES TO
• Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition
• Microsoft Windows 98 Second Edition
• Microsoft Windows 98 Standard Edition
• Microsoft Windows 95
• F1: Help
• CTRL+ESC: Open Start menu
• ALT+TAB: Switch between open programs
• ALT+F4: Quit program
• SHIFT+DELETE: Delete item permanently
Windows program key combinations
• CTRL+C: Copy
• CTRL+X: Cut
• CTRL+V: Paste
• CTRL+Z: Undo
• CTRL+B: Bold
• CTRL+U: Underline
• CTRL+I: Italic
Mouse click/keyboard modifier combinations for shell objects
• SHIFT+right click: Displays a shortcut menu containing alternative commands
• SHIFT+double click: Runs the alternate default command (the second item on the menu)
• ALT+double click: Displays properties
• SHIFT+DELETE: Deletes an item immediately without placing it in the Recycle Bin
General keyboard-only commands
• F1: Starts Windows Help
• F10: Activates menu bar options
• SHIFT+F10 Opens a shortcut menu for the selected item (this is the same as right-clicking an object
• CTRL+ESC: Opens the Start menu (use the ARROW keys to select an item)
• CTRL+ESC or ESC: Selects the Start button (press TAB to select the taskbar, or press SHIFT+F10 for a context menu)
• ALT+DOWN ARROW: Opens a drop-down list box
• ALT+TAB: Switch to another running program (hold down the ALT key and then press the TAB key to view the task-switching window)
• SHIFT: Press and hold down the SHIFT key while you insert a CD-ROM to bypass the automatic-run feature
• ALT+SPACE: Displays the main window's System menu (from the System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the window)
• ALT+- (ALT+hyphen): Displays the Multiple Document Interface (MDI) child window's System menu (from the MDI child window's System menu, you can restore, move, resize, minimize, maximize, or close the child window)
• CTRL+TAB: Switch to the next child window of a Multiple Document Interface (MDI) program
• ALT+underlined letter in menu: Opens the menu
• ALT+F4: Closes the current window
• CTRL+F4: Closes the current Multiple Document Interface (MDI) window
• ALT+F6: Switch between multiple windows in the same program (for example, when the Notepad Find dialog box is displayed, ALT+F6 switches between the Find dialog box and the main Notepad window)
Shell objects and general folder/Windows Explorer shortcutsFor a selected object:
• F2: Rename object
• F3: Find all files
• CTRL+X: Cut
• CTRL+C: Copy
• CTRL+V: Paste
• SHIFT+DELETE: Delete selection immediately, without moving the item to the Recycle Bin
• ALT+ENTER: Open the properties for the selected object
To copy a filePress and hold down the CTRL key while you drag the file to another folder. To create a shortcutPress and hold down CTRL+SHIFT while you drag a file to the desktop or a folder.
General folder/shortcut control
• F4: Selects the Go To A Different Folder box and moves down the entries in the box (if the toolbar is active in Windows Explorer)
• F5: Refreshes the current window.
• F6: Moves among panes in Windows Explorer
• CTRL+G: Opens the Go To Folder tool (in Windows 95 Windows Explorer only)
• CTRL+Z: Undo the last command
• CTRL+A: Select all the items in the current window
• BACKSPACE: Switch to the parent folder
• SHIFT+click+Close button: For folders, close the current folder plus all parent folders
Windows Explorer tree control
• Numeric Keypad *: Expands everything under the current selection
• Numeric Keypad +: Expands the current selection
• Numeric Keypad -: Collapses the current selection.
• RIGHT ARROW: Expands the current selection if it is not expanded, otherwise goes to the first child
• LEFT ARROW: Collapses the current selection if it is expanded, otherwise goes to the parent
Properties control
• CTRL+TAB/CTRL+SHIFT+TAB: Move through the property tabs
Accessibility shortcuts
• Press SHIFT five times: Toggles StickyKeys on and off
• Press down and hold the right SHIFT key for eight seconds: Toggles FilterKeys on and off
• Press down and hold the NUM LOCK key for five seconds: Toggles ToggleKeys on and off
• Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK: Toggles MouseKeys on and off
• Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN: Toggles high contrast on and off
Microsoft Natural Keyboard keys
• Windows Logo: Start menu
• Windows Logo+R: Run dialog box
• Windows Logo+M: Minimize all
• SHIFT+Windows Logo+M: Undo minimize all
• Windows Logo+F1: Help
• Windows Logo+E: Windows Explorer
• Windows Logo+F: Find files or folders
• Windows Logo+D: Minimizes all open windows and displays the desktop
• CTRL+Windows Logo+F: Find computer
• CTRL+Windows Logo+TAB:
Moves focus from Start, to the Quick Launch toolbar, to the system tray (use RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW to move focus to items on the Quick Launch toolbar and the system tray)
• Windows Logo+TAB: Cycle through taskbar buttons
• Windows Logo+Break: System Properties dialog box
• Application key: Displays a shortcut menu for the selected item
Microsoft Natural Keyboard with IntelliType software installed
• Windows Logo+L: Log off Windows
• Windows Logo+P: Starts Print Manager
• Windows Logo+C: Opens Control Panel
• Windows Logo+V: Starts Clipboard
• Windows Logo+K: Opens Keyboard Properties dialog box
• Windows Logo+I: Opens Mouse Properties dialog box
• Windows Logo+A: Starts Accessibility Options (if installed)
• Windows Logo+SPACEBAR: Displays the list of Microsoft IntelliType shortcut keys
• Windows Logo+S: Toggles CAPS LOCK on and off
Dialog box keyboard commands
• TAB: Move to the next control in the dialog box
• SHIFT+TAB: Move to the previous control in the dialog box
• SPACEBAR: If the current control is a button, this clicks the button. If the current control is a check box, this toggles the check box. If the current control is an option, this selects the option.
• ENTER: Equivalent to clicking the selected button (the button with the outline)
• ESC: Equivalent to clicking the Cancel button
• ALT+underlined letter in dialog box item: Move to the corresponding item
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APPLIES TO
• Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition
• Microsoft Windows 98 Second Edition
• Microsoft Windows 98 Standard Edition
• Microsoft Windows 95
Make a Bootable CD In Nero 7 Or 7.5
To make a bootable cd in N ero 7 or 7.5, Select Make a dataCD.
Use Burn Image import the file that we want to write as Botable.
Use Burn Image import the file that we want to write as Botable.
Change Your Logon&logoff Sound
1.Install any sound editer .
2.Take the wishing sound up to 15 seconds.
3.Convert it into 'wave' and save in your own destination.
4.Go to 'control panel' take 'sound and audio devices'.
5.Select 'sound',from 'program event' option take 'start window' for 'logon sound'&
'exit window' for 'logoff sound' .
6.Click on 'brows' and acces the modified sound file done by you.
7.Click 'apply' butten to finish.
2.Take the wishing sound up to 15 seconds.
3.Convert it into 'wave' and save in your own destination.
4.Go to 'control panel' take 'sound and audio devices'.
5.Select 'sound',from 'program event' option take 'start window' for 'logon sound'&
'exit window' for 'logoff sound' .
6.Click on 'brows' and acces the modified sound file done by you.
7.Click 'apply' butten to finish.
Customize Your XP Appearence
Install the visual tool for XP.
To adjust the transparency :
Select "XP Transparency" & select the wanted application by ticking it.Adjust its transparency using the graph under the preview.
To change style :
Select"XP Visual Style",choose the application by browsing the style & then click on "Process All Program File Folde" click "Add".
To change logon screen :
Select "XP Logon", select ur wishing screen and press apply.
To quit to main menu :
Use "<<".
To adjust the transparency :
Select "XP Transparency" & select the wanted application by ticking it.Adjust its transparency using the graph under the preview.
To change style :
Select"XP Visual Style",choose the application by browsing the style & then click on "Process All Program File Folde" click "Add".
To change logon screen :
Select "XP Logon", select ur wishing screen and press apply.
To quit to main menu :
Use "<<".
05 August 2007
Change Your Logon Screen
1.Download 'Res-edit' and install it.
2.Download 'Replacer'.Both are awalable in this site.
3.Take the picture that you want in PAINT and convert as 'BITMAP'(.bmp)
4.Save it as the name "NEW LOGONUI.EXE" anywhere you wish.
5.Take the dos_prompt in the replacer and drag the original logon screen from WINDOWS>SYSTEM 32>LOGONUI.EXE to it.Press enter.
6.Drag the modified logon screen into the dos_prompt and again press enter.
7.Press 'y' to conform it.If any mistake in the renaming,it may not be work.
2.Download 'Replacer'.Both are awalable in this site.
3.Take the picture that you want in PAINT and convert as 'BITMAP'(.bmp)
4.Save it as the name "NEW LOGONUI.EXE" anywhere you wish.
5.Take the dos_prompt in the replacer and drag the original logon screen from WINDOWS>SYSTEM 32>LOGONUI.EXE to it.Press enter.
6.Drag the modified logon screen into the dos_prompt and again press enter.
7.Press 'y' to conform it.If any mistake in the renaming,it may not be work.
Play PS2 games on your pc
Download emulator and install.
Then you can play it........
If you have installed grapics card,You must use DirectX9&above...........
Then you can play it........
If you have installed grapics card,You must use DirectX9&above...........
MAKE YOUR XP GENUNE
1. Click Start, click Run, type regedit, and then click OK.
2. In the left pane, locate and then click the following registry subkey:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\WPAEvents
3. In the right pane, right-click OOBETimer, and then click Modify.
4. Change at least one digit of the OOBETimer value to deactivate Windows.
5. Click Start, click Run, type the following command, and then click OK:%systemroot%\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a
6. Click Yes, I want to telephone a customer service representative to activate Windows,and then click Next.
7. Click Change Product key, type the new product key (V2C47-MK7JD-3R89F-D2KXW-VPK3J) in the New key boxes, and then clickUpdate.Note If the previous Activation Wizard screen appears again, click Remind me later, and thenrestart the computer.
8. Repeat steps 5, 6 and 7 to verify that Windows is started. Click OK when you receive the followingmessage:Windows is already activated. Click OK to exit.
2. In the left pane, locate and then click the following registry subkey:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\WPAEvents
3. In the right pane, right-click OOBETimer, and then click Modify.
4. Change at least one digit of the OOBETimer value to deactivate Windows.
5. Click Start, click Run, type the following command, and then click OK:%systemroot%\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a
6. Click Yes, I want to telephone a customer service representative to activate Windows,and then click Next.
7. Click Change Product key, type the new product key (V2C47-MK7JD-3R89F-D2KXW-VPK3J) in the New key boxes, and then clickUpdate.Note If the previous Activation Wizard screen appears again, click Remind me later, and thenrestart the computer.
8. Repeat steps 5, 6 and 7 to verify that Windows is started. Click OK when you receive the followingmessage:Windows is already activated. Click OK to exit.
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